Multiculturalism in Contemporary Britain Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Multiculturalism in Contemporary Britain - Essay Example On the basis of the essay, it may be noted that the prejudices of the British public may function as fuel for racism and discrimination towards minorities, which legislation has attempted to address. The researcher describes that Government attempts to build cohesion and may be partially beneficial in addressing the divide between the majority and minority groups, to prevent riots and unrest in society. However, underlying causes of inequalities in economic areas must continue to be addressed through policy initiatives. This essay uses Parekh's research of example and states that he believes that in a multicultural society, the common point to build unity among all the people and to promote a sense of belonging is a political foundation, a shared commitment to a political community. A multicultural society would also respect the diversity of its peoples and allow each ethnic, cultural or other group to feel secure through the provisions made in its laws and shared political outlook. As a result of this, the authorities generally tend to consult with several of these minority organizations rather than a few leaders who are said to represent the entire community and as a result, a more democratic society ensures with a more positive image among the police and the community about minority members and their needs and culture which in turn could work towards promoting greater understanding among races and communities and prevent the racial violence that erupts through misunderstanding.

Chemicals in Food Essay Example for Free

Chemicals in Food Essay Those hard-to-pronounce chemicals that are in the list of ingredients on the label are used for more than just flavoring, appearance, and preserving the food (Food Additives). Those additives are used in some other very harsh items such as bug repellent (Food Additives). However, there are some simple and sustainable options that can help consumers avoid running into harsh chemicals and additives that may be lurking in their food. These changes will not only help them make healthier and safer choices, but also help them to save some money in the long run. Many unanswered questions will be addressed within this paper such as: What are the hormones in some of the foods such as dairy and meat and what exactly are they used for? How do they affect us? What can consumers do to avoid purchasing these items? How can one avoid unsafe drinking water and are additives really that bad? According to Credit Loan, Americans consume on average 110 pounds of red meat a year, 600. 5 pounds of dairy products (not including cheese), and 31. 4 pounds of cheese a year (Food Consumption in America). The common theme here is that all of these food groups come from cows. It is not, however, that we are eating cattle and beef, but what that cattle is being fed into its body. â€Å"In 2005, 32. 5 million cattle were slaughtered to provide beef for U. S. consumers. Scientists believe about two-thirds of American cattle raised in for slaughter today are injected with hormones to make them grow faster (Sustainable Table). † This does not include hormones used for the increased production of dairy/milk. With just beef alone, there are six natural and artificial hormones that are injected into cattle and they include: Oestradiol, Progesterone and Testosterone (these are natural occurring hormones). Then there are Zeranol, Trenbolone and Melengestrol (these are artificial hormones) (Sustainable Table). Although there has not been any significant case studies done on these hormones, scientists believe that these hormones pose some threats to human health. â€Å"The Committee [European Union’s Scientific Committee on Veterinary Measures Relating to Public Health] also question whether hormones residues in the meat of ‘growth enhanced’ animals can disrupt human hormone balance, causing developmental problems, interfering with the reproductive system, and even leading to the development of breast, prostate or colon cancer (Sustainable Table). Scientists also believe that those at the greatest risk are children, women who are pregnant and unborn babies (Sustainable Table). â€Å"Hormone residues in beef have been implicated in the early onset of puberty of girls, which could put them at greater risk of developing breast and other forms of cancer† (Sustainable Table). However, health risk of humans is not the only factor. Aquatic ecosystems are being greatly affected by hormone residue in the manure of cows by contaminating run-off and groundwater. Recent studies have demonstrated that exposure to hormones has a substantial effect on the gender and reproductive capacity of fish, throwing off the natural life cycle† (Sustainable Table). The United States and Canada, however, continue to allow the growth hormones to be injected. The European Union does not, and they strictly prohibit trade with the U. S. and Canada on hormone-treated beef. Injecting growth hormones into cattle is not the only kind of hormone they are being given either. RBGH is a hormone that gets injected into cattle for an increase production of milk. Developed and Manufactured by Monsanto Corporation, this genetically engineered hormone forces cows to artificially increase milk production by 10 to 15 percent† (Sustainable Table). The natural hormone for growth and lactation is Bovine Somatotropin. When it is man-made it is known as rBST or better known as rBGH. â€Å"Approximately 17% of all cows in the US are given the artificial growth hormone† (Sustainable Table). FDA approved the drug in 1993. However, â€Å"According to opponents of the drug, effects of rBGH were never properly studied,† (Sustainable Table). RBGH poses many health risks to the cows and what is effecting the cows, could quite possibly effect us. â€Å"Problems included an alarming rise in the number of deformed claves and dramatic increases in mastitis, a painful bacterial infection of the udder which causes inflammation, swelling, and pus and blood secretions into milk† (Sustainable Table). IGF-1 (Insulin Growth Factor-1) is a naturally occurring hormone in human bodies. It is also is in rBGH. â€Å"Humans also naturally have IGF-1, and increased levels in humans have been linked to colon and breast cancer† (Sustainable Table). America consumes about 31. 4 pounds of cheese every year, along with 600. 5 pounds of other dairy products (Food Consumption in America). â€Å"In 2006, the United States dairy industry produced over 20 billion gallons of milk. This milk is pasteurized and sold, or transformed into cheese, butter, cream, and ice cream for consumers in the U. S. and around the world† (Sustainable Table). However, it was never this simple. Back in the 1700’s milk was not a familiar drink and was not studied enough. The conditions under which the milk and the cows were kept were not clean. There was no form of refrigeration and insects could easily be accessible to milk that was left out (Sustainable Table). It was not until the end of the 19th century when pasteurization was invented (Sustainable Table). Pasteurization means â€Å"to expose (a food, as milk, cheese, yogurt, beer, or wine) to an elevated temperature for a period of time sufficient to destroy certain microorganisms, as those that can produce disease or cause spoilage or undesirable fermentation of food, without radically altering taste or quality† (Dictionary). However, this may not be enough. Farmers are continuing to use the rBGH, antibiotics, and high-concentrated feed for the increase production of milk (Sustainable Table). In a way, it is benefitting the consumer. By injecting these artificial hormones, the cows are producing almost four times as much milk as they previously were, in turn, is cutting down the cost of milk and other dairy products (Sustainable Table). â€Å"The biggest fear surrounding this breeding technique is the eventual inability to ward off viruses or mutation in the dairy cow’s DNA chain, resulting in rapid spread of disease and possible death† (Sustainable Table). Because of the growing concern of all the use of artificial hormone, slowly, more dairies are turning to organic. â€Å"While organic milk makes up only 1% of the dairy market, demand has increased 477% between 1997 and 2003† (Sustainable Table). Hopefully, the trend continues to increase so the food becomes less processed and more natural at healthy level. For the most part, Americans include water in their daily diet somehow during the day. Whether it is rinsing their mouths out from brushing their teeth, drinking water, or using it to swallow down a pill, water is a part of most people’s life style. However, it is not as clean as most people would think. A team of researchers out of Washington State has found traces of illicit drugs, hormones, and cooking spices in drinking water. The team found that certain spices â€Å"spike during the holidays. â€Å"For instance, thyme and sage spike during Thanksgiving, cinnamon surges all winter, chocolate and vanilla show up during the weekends (presumably from party-related goodies), and waffle cone and caramel-corn remnants skyrocket around the Fourth of July† (Cocaine, Spices, Hormones Found in Drinking Water). But as stated earlier, harmless Cooking spices are not the only traces of remnants in drinking water being found/. â€Å"Around the world, scientists are finding trace amounts of substances-from sugar and spice to heroin, rocket fuel, and birth control-that might be having unintended consequences for humans and wildlife alike† (Drinking Water). One may be wondering how drugs get into the drinking water system. â€Å"After a person has taken drugs such as cocaine, heroin, marijuana, and ecstasy, active byproducts of these substances are released into the sewage stream through that person’s urine and feces. These byproducts, or metabolites, are often not completely removed during the sewage –treatment process†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Drinking Water). This not only may post a threat to human health, but it poses a threat to the marine life as well. â€Å"Though these drugs traces are still tiny, it’s possible that the potent residues could be toxic to freshwater animals† (Drinking Water). There are still strict regulations from the EPA on the contaminates in drinking water that must be followed. The EPA claims that more than 90 contaminants must be filtered out of drinking water systems (Drinking Water). Richard Keil said something that everyone can take into consideration. He stated; â€Å"’that everything you do is connected to the watershed† (Drinking Water). It is a simply message with a very strong meaning; No matter what one person eats, takes, or drinks, it is somehow later going to affect something or somebody and without any control. Almost half of an American’s diet includes fruits and vegetables. About 273. 2 pounds of fruit and 415. 4 pounds of vegetables are eaten (Food Consumption in America). However, these suppose to be healthy foods could be potentially dangerous to our health. Pesticides are used on almost every major crop. â€Å"Pesticides are chemicals used to eliminate or control a variety of agricultural pests that can damage crops and livestock and reduce farm productivity. The most common pesticides are insecticides (to kill insects), herbicides (to kill weeds), rodenticides (to kill rodents), and fungicides (to control fungi, mold, and mildew)† (Sustainable Table). Pesticides are not a new invention at all. They date back all the way to the ancient Sumerians’ time. The makeup of pesticides ranged anywhere from elemental sulfur, to chemicals such as arsenic and lead (Sustainable Table). It was not until the 19th century that the use of pesticides became more geared to natural techniques such as â€Å"roots of topical vegetables and chrysanthemums† (Sustainable Table). DDT (Dichloro-Diphenyl-Trichloroethane) was discovered in 1939 and was extremely successful, however a huge concern came into effect with its health impact on humans (Sustainable Table). Not only are the pesticides being sprayed on the fruits and vegetables that are eaten, but it also be sprayed on grains as well. This may not seem like that big of deal on a global scale, but when one looks at the cycle of how it effects humans, it is quite concerning. Grains are in all breads, no matter if it is super bleached or straight off of the wheat barley. Therefore, it is a direct source. However, the grains are being fed to livestock as well. In fact, 66% of the grain grown in the U. S. is used for livestock feed (Sustainable Table). â€Å"This grain is grown by intensive farming operations that use massive quantities of pesticides while producing problems such as pesticide resistance in insects and weeds, and pollution of nearby water supplies with toxic chemicals† (Sustainable Table). It is not as common to use manure as a type of soil, but it is definitely not out of the question. The tainted manure could be used to grow the fruits and vegetable crops, that will then again be sprayed with more pesticides, which after awhile, the dead material and soil will run off as ground water, or to a straight water supplies and pollute the water (Sustainable Table). As stated earlier, this will not only affect marine life, but human drinking water. When and if this water goes through sewage treatment plants, not all of the pesticide chemicals will be removed. So not only will humans be ingesting chemicals from the fruits and vegetables, but possibly their drink and meat as well! Pesticides are a public health concern and have been linked to a range of diseases and disorders. Many chemical pesticides are known to cause poisoning, infertility and birth defects, as well as damage to the nervous system and potentially cause cancer† (Sustainable Table). The most susceptible to these conditions are small children. â€Å"According to data collected by the Centers for Dise ase Control and Prevention, the average American child between ages six and eleven carriers four times the acceptable level of pesticides called organophosphates (which are known to cause nerve damage)† (Sustainable Table). The CDC also conducted a blood and urine test in 2004 and that in 100% of the subjects pesticide residues were found. â€Å"Two insecticides- chlorpyrifos and methyl parathion- were found at levels up to 4. 6 times greater than what the U. S. government deems acceptable† (Sustainable Table). Somebody has to take the blame for these absurd high numbers, the question is who to blame. Pesticide use goes through a rigorous test before any products that came in contact with pesticides are even put out on the shelves. Pesticides are tested and approved for use by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), which establishes â€Å"tolerances,† or maximum residue levels, that limit the amount of a given pesticide that can safely remain in or on a food. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is then responsible for monitoring pesticide levels on fruits and vegetables, while the Department of Agriculture (USDA) is charged with the task of surveying pesticide residues in meat, eggs , and dairy products† (Sustainable Table).

Film Versions of Shakespeare Comedies Essay example -- Twelfth Night M

Film Versions of Shakespeare Comedies Shakespearean plays are complex, intricate pieces of work in which a diverse range of interpretations and readings can be made. This is particularly true of his comedies, where the light-hearted humour is often offset by darker, more serious undertones. In adapting these comedies it is for the director – in the cinematic context – to decide how to interpret the play and which elements are privileged and which are suppressed. This variance in interpretation is exemplified in comparing two of the more recent cinematic adaptations of Shakespeare’s comedies, Trevor Nunn’s Twelfth Night and Kenneth Branagh’s A Much Ado About Nothing [‘Much Ado’]. Although both films can to an extent be seen as comedies with serious, almost tragic aspects inherent throughout, Nunn’s film deals with these serious facets as central to the depiction, whereas Branagh, although not entirely ignoring the deeper issues, prefers a more light-hearted and visual ly attractive adaptation.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Twelfth Night has been described as ‘like Hamlet in a comic vein’ . In terms of Shakespearean chronology, the bittersweet edge to the play and the fact that it is essentially a comedy with the dark, sometimes disturbing elements, has been linked with the playwright’s movement toward the genre of tragedy. The range of filmic adaptations of the play illustrates the variation in the interpretation of Shakespeare’s work, with the dark edge often failing to make the transition to screen. However this is not the case with Nunn’s Twelfth Night, which achieves this exploration of the serious essentially through his interpretation of some of the play’s principal characters including Malvolio, Feste and Maria. Malvolio's character is significant to Nunn’s adaptation in many respects with it initially appearing that Malvolio brings an air of respectability and chastity to the film. However his essential flaws and his inability to recognise the reality of people's feelings, including Olivia's, remove him from the position of moral overseer to a simple player in the game of love. Malvolio's error is related to his self-perceptions and his consideration of his own self-importance, rather than his caring and compassion for his mistress Olivia. Malvolio’s function in this film is to serve as a comedic contrast to the merry-makers, as well as a vital reminder to Feste t... ... provides glimpses of these issues, yet valorises a light-hearted, aesthetic approach to the text as a whole. Works Cited: Brode Douglas. Shakespeare in the Movies: From the Silent Era to Shakespeare in Love. Oxford University Press, 2000, pp. 97-99. Cartmell, B. Interpreting Shakespeare on Screen. (2000). Cuppit, C. â€Å"Double Trouble: A Discussion of Trevor Nunn’s film adaptation of Twelfth Night.† Fine Line Features. Twelfth Night. Home Page. 2003 http://www.finelinefeatures.com/twelfth/ Accessed 28/5/03 Fine Line Features. â€Å"Trevor Nunn – Director.† About the Filmmakers. 2003 http://www.finelinefeatures.com/twelfth/filmbios.htm Greif, K â€Å"Plays ad Playing in Twelfth Night†, in Modern Critical Interpretations: William Shakespeare’s Twelfth Night, ed. Harold Bloom. New York: Chelsea House Publishers, (1987). Marshall, K. â€Å"How do you solve a problem like Maria?: A Problematic (re)interpretation of Maria in Trevor Nunn’s Twelfth Night.† Literature-Film Quarterly 30, no. 3 (2002): p. 219. Richard, R. â€Å"Much Ado About Branagh†. Commentary 96(4) (1993) Sheppard, P. â€Å"Intercutting in Trevor Nunn’s Twelfth Night†. Literature Film Quarterly 30, No. 3 (2002)

A Psychoanalytic Analysis of To His Coy Mistress by Andrew Marvell Essa

A satisfactory understanding of a literary work necessitates a multi-level investigation—of the poem’s context, of the text itself, of the poem’s socio-political implications, of the poem’s trans-cultural implications, and of the Christian implications. To see a great work of fiction or a great poem primarily as a psychological case study,it means that we have to miss its real significance,its real meaning.Literary interpretation and psychoanalysis are two different field,though they are closely associated,they can in no sense be regarded as parts of one discipline.The literary cristic who views the masterpiece only through the lens of Freud, sees art only through a glass darkly,on the other hand,the reader who rejects psychoanalysis deprives himself of valuable tool in understanding not only literature,but human nature and himself as well. One of the most celebrated carpe diem poems in British literature,it has been praised by numerous literary scholars and critics fot its brilliantly wrought form,thematic significance,metaphysical conceits,paradox and irony.Unfortunately,not many of the readers thoroughly understand this poem.They will notice that its male speaker,an erudite man,tries to persuade a reluctant mistress to accept his proposal of physical love,those who are unfamiliar with the conventions of seventeenth century metpshysical poetry may feel that the poem is merely â€Å"weird†,†strange† or â€Å"sexiest†.They recognize that there is something questionable about the male suitor’s use of flowerly language in the first stanza.They also do not like the â€Å"bizarre† images in the second stanza â€Å"That long-preserved virginity/And your quaint horror turn to dust/And into ashes all my lo... ... begins his proposition of love by stating an impossible condition:†Had we but world enough,and time/,This coyness,Lady,were no crime.† His objective,despite the contradictory deceptiveness of â€Å"vegetable love†,is nevertheless the same:the woman must capitulate to his desires.It is only matter of time.From the eternal burning of vegetable passion,in the face of reality,we see that the love must end,the same as sexual profligacy,in dust.In the final stanza the speaker relaxes his harsh irony,here,too,the sexual image is evident.The fire image,which smolders in stanza one and turns to ashes in stanza two,explodes into passion in this concluding stanza.The poet conveys a sense of desperate ecstasy. Marvell’s great poem is not only a glorification of sexual activity,it deals with the total human psyche,many facets of which are both unpleasant and unconscious. A Psychoanalytic Analysis of To His Coy Mistress by Andrew Marvell Essa A satisfactory understanding of a literary work necessitates a multi-level investigation—of the poem’s context, of the text itself, of the poem’s socio-political implications, of the poem’s trans-cultural implications, and of the Christian implications. To see a great work of fiction or a great poem primarily as a psychological case study,it means that we have to miss its real significance,its real meaning.Literary interpretation and psychoanalysis are two different field,though they are closely associated,they can in no sense be regarded as parts of one discipline.The literary cristic who views the masterpiece only through the lens of Freud, sees art only through a glass darkly,on the other hand,the reader who rejects psychoanalysis deprives himself of valuable tool in understanding not only literature,but human nature and himself as well. One of the most celebrated carpe diem poems in British literature,it has been praised by numerous literary scholars and critics fot its brilliantly wrought form,thematic significance,metaphysical conceits,paradox and irony.Unfortunately,not many of the readers thoroughly understand this poem.They will notice that its male speaker,an erudite man,tries to persuade a reluctant mistress to accept his proposal of physical love,those who are unfamiliar with the conventions of seventeenth century metpshysical poetry may feel that the poem is merely â€Å"weird†,†strange† or â€Å"sexiest†.They recognize that there is something questionable about the male suitor’s use of flowerly language in the first stanza.They also do not like the â€Å"bizarre† images in the second stanza â€Å"That long-preserved virginity/And your quaint horror turn to dust/And into ashes all my lo... ... begins his proposition of love by stating an impossible condition:†Had we but world enough,and time/,This coyness,Lady,were no crime.† His objective,despite the contradictory deceptiveness of â€Å"vegetable love†,is nevertheless the same:the woman must capitulate to his desires.It is only matter of time.From the eternal burning of vegetable passion,in the face of reality,we see that the love must end,the same as sexual profligacy,in dust.In the final stanza the speaker relaxes his harsh irony,here,too,the sexual image is evident.The fire image,which smolders in stanza one and turns to ashes in stanza two,explodes into passion in this concluding stanza.The poet conveys a sense of desperate ecstasy. Marvell’s great poem is not only a glorification of sexual activity,it deals with the total human psyche,many facets of which are both unpleasant and unconscious.

Event Industry

Tutor: Peter Haigh Event Industry Arsalan khan 21146310 Tutor: Peter Haigh Event Industry Arsalan khan 21146310 Critically discuss the negative and the positive impacts of the London Olympic Games from the perspective of all stakeholders, including the local community, the sponsors, the guests, the organisers, the volunteers and paid workers? Author: Arsalan Khan Module code: TH40009E Tutor: Peter HAIGH Module name: Event IndustryCritically discuss the negative and the positive impacts of the London Olympic Games from the perspective of all stakeholders, including the local community, the sponsors, the guests, the organisers, the volunteers and paid workers? Author: Arsalan Khan Module code: TH40009E Tutor: Peter HAIGH Module name: Event Industry This essay will look and discuss the negative and the positive impact of the London Olympics from the perspective of the stakeholders as well as keeping the local community, sponsors, guests, organisers and workers in mind.The main stakehold ers of the London Olympics are: * Customers * Athletes * Residences of Greater London * Sponsors * Tourists * Local business small/ medium sized * Large national businesses * International Business * Local councils of London * Mayor of London * Transport * Infrastructure * Emergency services * * Government & Olympic bodies * DCMS * BOA * LOCOG * IOC * NOC * The Legacy company * Other part-taking countries * Economy Financial institutes Olympic Games are going to have a huge impact on London and the surrounding cities there are going to be an extra 4 million visitors this year, this will not only effect all areas and business but will push the infrastructure of London to its limits. It will require unprecedented planning measures and the input of several different government and intelligence agencies to ensure a safe and successful Olympics takes place.Throughout London all employees will be stretched and may be preforming tasks which they may not originally been employed to do but a s the Olympics come closer there will be an increase in demand for manpower in businesses as everyone prepares for the mega event of the year. Already many firms have cancelled leave during the Olympic times. Already emergency services are under criticism as they fail to meet the required manpower number s and alternative measures are being put in place for example the fire service is no longer providing full ire brigades instead smaller response unites will be deployed around the Olympics sites. Local council will be ideated with demands form their residences and special permits for business and licences, this will stretch the councils workers across the board, many workers may be working overtime to meet the demand of the busy period. This will be a turning point for the councils as this will increase businesses in the area and employers will pay business rates, local councils in most areas of London will be finically better off.Most communities are involved as it comes to the run up to the Olympics and the legacy company is ensuring they stay involved after the games are over, when the host city was chosen and the work commenced communities and businesses at the east of London suffered months and months of carnage and when the games are finished they will be able to enjoy the faculties left behind. There are many negative points of the Olympics such as overcrowding, major risk due to political instability in other countries residents may feel they are at risk of attack from exterior sources.Mass funding will flood in to London from overseas business and the boom in the tourism industry this will encourage the well needed economic growth, employment will rise to its highest levels and drop back down after the Olympic games. The Olympic Games will encourage new and younger athletes to take part in the sports and carry on the games legacy. Bibliography Tassiopoulos, D (2010). Event Management. 3rd ed. Republic of South Africa: Print Communications. 186-248.

Learn More About Bilateral Symmetry

Learn More About Bilateral Symmetry Bilateral symmetry is the arrangement of an organisms body parts into left and right halves on either side of a central axis, or plane. Essentially, if you draw a line from the head to the tail of an organism or a plane both sides are mirror images. In that case, the organism exhibits bilateral symmetry. Bilateral symmetry is also known as plane symmetry as one plane divides an organism into mirrored halves. The term bilateral has roots in Latin with bis  (two) and  latus  (side). The word symmetry is derived from the Greek words  syn  (together) and  metron  (meter). Most animals on the planet exhibit bilateral symmetry. This includes human beings, as our bodies can be cut down the middle and have mirrored sides. In the marine biology field, many students will study this when they begin learning about classifying marine life. Bilateral vs. Radial Symmetry Bilateral symmetry differs from radial symmetry. In that case, the radially symmetric organisms are similar to a pie shape, where each piece is nearly identical though they do not have left or right sides; instead, they have a top and bottom surface. Organisms that exhibit radial symmetry include aquatic cnidarians, including corals. It also includes jellyfish and sea anemones. Dchinoderms  are another group that includes sand dollars, sea urchins, and starfish; meaning they have a five-point radial symmetry.   Traits of Bilaterally Symmetrical Organisms Organisms that are bilaterally symmetrical demonstrate a head and a tail (anterior and posterior) regions, a top and a bottom (dorsal and ventral), as well as left and right sides. Most of these animals have a complex brain in their heads, which are part of their nervous systems. Typically, they move more quickly than animals that do not demonstrate bilateral symmetry. They also tend to have improved eyesight and hearing capabilities compared to those that have radial symmetry. Mostly all marine organisms,  including all vertebrates  and some invertebrates are bilaterally symmetrical. This includes marine mammals such as dolphins and whales, fish, lobsters, and sea turtles. Interestingly, some animals have one type of body symmetry when they are first life forms, but they develop differently as they grow.   There is one marine animal that does not display symmetry at all: Sponges. These organisms are multicellular but are the only classification of animals that are asymmetrical. They do not show any symmetry at all. That means there is no place in their bodies where you could drive a plane into cut them in half and see mirrored images.

Types Of Tourism And Their Importance Tourism Essay Essay Example

Types Of Tourism And Their Importance Tourism Essay Essay Example Types Of Tourism And Their Importance Tourism Essay Essay Types Of Tourism And Their Importance Tourism Essay Essay Tourism is presently the largest industry in the universe. The World Tourism Organization ( WTO ) is expected there is traveling to be 1.6 billion world-wide tourers by 2020, compared to 2002, there is merely 715 million world-wide tourers in 2002. Therefore, a batch of states, no affair under developed and developing, touristry chief beginning of foreign currency net incomes and making occupation chances for people. Harmonizing to McIntosh et Al, touristry can be classified as the figure of the phenomena and relationships take topographic point from the traffics of tourers, cordial reception service supplier, concern trader, the host authoritiess, the beginning of the authoritiess and local communities in the procedure of pulling and hosting these tourers and other visitant. Harmonizing to Page, touristry as a consumer activity is continuously being developed by the touristry industry and individual concerns, as selling is used to develop new construct, merchandises and services and finishs. This reflected in the international involvement in developing niche merchandises: vacation yearss focused on specific involvement and activities. Murphy argue that, as the touristry grew in size and range it become obvious that this industry, like others, vie for limited resources and capital, that its non-consumptive properties did non needfully avoid the corrosion or alteration of attractive forces. 2.2 Sustainable Tourism Sustainable touristry theoretical account is related to the moral principle of sustainable development, which in speculation supported that people struggle to run into their ain demands, most likely measured against the criterion of life presently enjoyed ( World Commission on Environment and Development, 1987 ) . Sustainable development can specify as the amount of the tradeoff between the demand s and aim of the present, and those of the hereafter ( Archer and Cooper, 1994 ) . Harmonizing to Butler ( 1993 ) , he challenges the usage of the term sustainable touristry, in malice of its currency, reasoning that it implies the care of touristry itself, whatever its impacts, instead than the care of the human or physical context within which the touristry occurs. Harmonizing to Butler et al supported the term sustainability touristry development, affecting touristry which is development and in such a manner that country ( community and environment ) , in such a graduated table, it will stay practical in an inaccurate term, non cut down or alter the phenomena ( human and physical ) , of which there is such a degree, its success development and forbidden activities and procedures every bit good as other benefits. Clarke ( 1997 ) suggested that the development of the thought of sustainable touristry involve four attacks which are polar opposite, whereby sustainable touristry and mass touristry were seen as polar antonyms ; a scope, whereby sustainable touristry and mass touristry were no longer seen as polar antonyms, but instead it was acknowledge that there were different sunglassess of sustainable and aggregate touristry, which would unify at the center ; motion, an attack which suggested that positive action could do aggregate touristry female horse sustainable ; convergence, is the thought that all types of touristry can endeavor to be sustainable. ( J. Swarbrooke, 1999 ) 2.3 Ecotourism Every research workers and writers have the different description and definition on the term of ecotourism. Out of the assortment of definition about ecotourism, there is one of the most quoted definition came from Hector Ceballos-Lascurain ( 1987:13 ) . He defined that, the ecotourism or besides known as ecological touristry can sort as a sort of touristry that involves going comparatively without break. Ecotourism besides can specify as going to pure natural countries with the chief intent of analyzing, look up toing, and take pleasance in the natural landscape and its wild vegetations and zoologies every bit good as any gettable cultural facets ( both yesteryear and nowadays ) that can be found in these country. ( Luck, 2003 ) Ceballos-Lascurain ( 1990 ) besides argued, nature-oriented touristry means scientific, aesthetic and philosophical move toward to take a trip, even though ecological tourer is non a skilled scientist, creative person or philosopher. The most of import ground is that the person who carry out ecotourism has the chance of acquiring closer with natural environment in a mode normally non bing in the metropolis life that usually full of force per unit area. ( Weaver, 2009 ) Based on Stanford Research Institute ( 1990 ) , the ecotourism characterized as the fastest turning sector of the whole international touristry industry, it has increased rate of 30 per cent per twelvemonth. Ecotourism observed the impacts, both positive and negative, of house servants and international touristry. Other than that, ecotourism is besides a sort of touristry merchandise that promotes protection and support sustainable development whilst holding a minimal impact on the environment. Ecotourism besides involves going to distant locations to larning the vegetation, zoology and wildlife animate being in their native home grounds. It besides gives the opportunity to see how local people live and work. ( Abraham, 2010 ) Harmonizing to Hundloe, to sum up, good apprehension of services, cultural sensitiveness and engagement with the local community are the three chief issues which differentiate ecotourism from its cousins green touristry and sustainable touristry. 2.3.1 Significance of Ecotourism Sierra et all ( 1999 ) believed, ecotourism can be describe as one of the most possible tools in the armory of the modern-day environmentalists . Ecotourism is an environmentally friendlier and potentially more sustainable alternate to extractive activities. For illustration, logging, agriculture, excavation, or hunting of wildlife. Local people may hold an chance being off from a rhythm of poorness and, by sharing their information among local people and tourer about the local topography and ecology, which can assist to construct up a stronger consciousness of community pride and a wider, more planetary position that is cognizant of the importance of biodiversity to human being in the hereafter. Ecotourism provide a chance for long-run protection of the environment and its resources. The hot topographic point of biological diverseness is largely the least underdeveloped state which is the economic system of the state is peculiarly in drive people to destruct the natural environment. Ecotourism besides provide an chance to protect the environment and biological diverseness that about nonextant. Whereby, this is besides opportunity to bring forth more income to keep research attempts. An eco-tourist attractive forces, the plan enrollment fee can be farther directed to the scientific cognition about the ecological environment ; support imprisonment, rehabilitation or re-afforestation ; or semisynthetic impact monitoring, to guarantee that does non cut down entree resources. Harmonizing to Sierra et Al ( op cit ) , to further verify the growing of planetary touristry, the relationship sandwiched between touristry and the environment is requires being clearly direction to cut down the harmful and capitalise on valuable impacts. The visual aspect of ecotourism gives accent to the demand for future professionals to develop suited accomplishments in touristry and ecological direction. 2.3.2 Ecotourism in Malaya Malaysia is one of the states from South-East Asia and it is well-known as a multicultural state. Multicultural has non merely made the state as a nutrient Eden, it has besides made Malaysia topographic point to keeping hundred colourful festivals. Malaysia was besides celebrated with the warm and friendly local people. Harmonizing to Smith, In Malaysia, touristry sector is presently the second-largest industry after the fabrication was the largest industry in Malaysia. The authorities organisation responsible on advancing touristry industry in Malaysia is Tourism Malaysia or besides name as Malaysia Tourism Promotion Board. Because of the geographical background, Malaysia is every bit assorted as its civilization. The state is separated into two parts, peninsula of Malaysia with 11 provinces and two provinces on the northern portion of Borneo which is Sabah and Sarawak. The state is covers a entire country of 329 758 km2 in South East Asia. The typical conditions of the state is ever warm and humid all through the twelvemonth. Malaysia was listed as one of the most botanically diverse states in the universe. Malaysia is an astonishing state with legion copiousness of biodiversity. The country of the state is granted with many natural finish and attractive force such as vegetations, zoologies and wildlife, beautiful seashore, alien Marine aqua life, big rain woods and the biggest and oldest caves in the universe. ( Daud, 2010 ) A alone natural and cultural plus variegation is what Malaysia truly had. Therefore, eco-tourism in Malaysia was really favourable, executable, sustainable and durable signifier of touristry. In the twelvemonth of 2008, Malaysia has won The Best Ecotourism award by TravelWeekly ( Asia ) during the Industry Award 2008 which s held in Singapore. It is the 2nd clip that Malaysia was honored after 2007. It was an of import achievement for Malaysia that proved itself for its natural environment as an attractive force for touristry and alone geographical layout. Malaysia was grouped as one of the 12 mega-biologically diverse states in the universe. Around the whole Malaysia, there have a lower limit of 15,000 species of vegetations, 286 species of mammals, 4,000 species of Marine aqua life, 150,000 species of invertebrates in add-on to the legion microorganisms. There is 75 % of land country in Malaysia remains forested and 60 % of the country is virgin rain forest. The virgin rain forest is the home ground or place for the diverse group of vegetations and zoologies and other life being. The ecology scientists believed there may still be a figure of other vegetations and zoologies that have non been discovered living beneath its canopy. There are beautiful oceans with several of Marine aqua life that rely on the delicate balance of an unhurt environment environing Malaysia. From the other side of the worlds sea polo-necks make nests on the seashore of Malaysia pilgrims journey 1000s of stat mis. Likewise, the visitants from all corners of the universe visit our shores every twelvemonth merely to witness the charming underwater universe. The a assortment of activities such as jungle trekking, undermining, boosting, river cruising, stone mounting, plunging H2O rafting and bird observation was offered to the tourers by Malaysia. The Malaysia authorities concerned about the natural and cultural assets hence, they have organized and make the event to allow people more cognizant of the importance of preservation-based ecotourism. The illustrations of event consist of the Tabin Wildlife Conservation Conquest which located in Sabah, Fraser s Hill International Bird Race in Pahang and Taman Negara Eco-Challenge competition i n Pahang. Malaysia s been categorized as one of the top ecotourism finishs to see in the universe. The part is farther growing by the enclosure of the Kinabalu Park in Sabah and Mulu National Park in Sarawak listed in UNESCO s World Heritage sites list. UNESCO ( United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization ) has besides been recognized Langkawi Island or Pulau Lankawi which is situated in Kedah one of the northern provinces of the Peninsular Malaysia as a Geopark which mean a finish that contained outstanding geological landscapes in the universe. Proudly, Langkawi Island is the 1 and merely Geopark in the South East Asia and one of 50 among the whole universe. In the interim, there is two other finish which is Taman Negara National Park in Pahang, Batang Ai National Park in Sarawak and the Lanjak-Entimau Wildlife Sanctuary besides been submitted by Malaysia Government as the nominations for UNESCO s World Heritage Sites for future consideration. The Malaysia Government was advancing the ecotourism of their state to worldwide ; meanwhile they besides create consciousness to minimise the impact on the importance of sustainable development touristry and of equilibrating care and development. The Ministry of Tourism Malaysia wants to supply the policies and guidelines for the dependable development of ecotourism. Therefore, they have officially taken on the National Ecotourism Plan ( NEP ) to guarantee the policies and scheme for the painstaking development of ecotourism in the state itself. 2.3.3 Ecotourism in Penang Penang or Pulau Pinang is one of the provinces in Malaysia with the screens a entire country of 1,048 km2 ( 404.6 sq myocardial infarction ) . It has been a long clip that Penang described as Pearl of the Orient and is one of the most romantic and picturesque metropoliss in all of Asia. Penang was one of the top vacation finishs in Malaysia. The province was combination of an island and a narrow piece of land. The country of the island is 285km2 and it is separated from Seberang Prai ( once Province Wellesley ) a backwoods of 737km2 on the mainland. It is connected by The Penang Bridge, which is listed as one of the longest span in Asia with the length of 13.5 kilometer. Ferry service besides available to link the island and the mainland. Georgetown is the capital of Penang. On July 2008, Georgetown was listed by United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization ( UNESCO ) in the World Heritage List. The accomplishment of Penang was based on the certain subdivisions of Penang has a big sum of pre-war edifices among the South East Asia state which are still undamaged. As a consequence, Penang Island is presently known as Penang Heritage City. There are several of attractive forces around Penang, nutrients and shopping, from heritage to eco-tourism, and from beautiful beach to wellness touristry. In the twelvemonth of 2009, Penang was ranked 22nd between the 44 top topographic points to travel of New York Times. Penang is one of the two finishs in Southeast Asia in this ranking. Due to Penang holding a tropical clime, it offers some ecotourism merchandises in its province. The Botanical Gardens and the Tropical Spice Garden, both of the attractive forces were the ecotourism merchandises of Penang. While the Penang s National Park ( Taman Negara Pulau Pinang ) consist of a batch of eco attractive force such as the immaculate Pantai Kerachut beach and besides a beautiful lake which is the sea H2O and fresh H2O that do non blend up together. The park besides provided the topographic point for field daies, fishing, swimming and jungle trekking. Another ecotourism merchandise in Penang is The Butterfly Farm which located at Batu Feringghi is a topographic point where assorted types of colourful butterflies allocated in one finish and it is besides a genteelness research Centre. In Penang Island there is a Taman Negara Pulau Pinang ( Penang s National Park ) at the northwest corner. The National Park covers the entire country of 1,266 hectares of Rhizophora mangles, coastal hill dipterocarps, beaches, and bouldery shores. Among the Peninsular Malaysia, Penang s National Park ranks 2nd in size to Pahang National Park. As a metropolis national park, Penang National Park has chance to be listed in the UNESCO universe heritage listing. It is because there was legion species of blooming workss and animals- together with rare and endangered 1s it merely takes around 45 proceedingss get downing from the metropolis Centre, Georgetown. Meticulous planning and substructure will beef up the park s possible for ecotourism. Inside the park, there are merely trails, pathwaies, paseos and no roads. Penang National Park has created consciousness for Penangites about the impacts of ecotourism and besides the importance of sustainable development. Penang was besides celebrated with the beautiful and adventures beaches around the island. Batu Ferringhi is celebrated and it is one that can see. In Batu Ferringhi and besides Teluk Bahang, every portion of these country are environing by the beaches and now the beach is acquiring cleansing agents compared with last few old ages where most of the tourer ailment about the cleanliness at the beach country. Along the coastline of Batu Ferringhi and Teluk Bahang, there was a batch of international resort available with the standard service and offering a host of water-based recreational athletics installations. Rasa Sayang Resort and Spa, Hard Rock Penang, Park Royal Hotel and Holiday Inn are the international resorts that available along the coastline. Although there is rather a batch of ecotourism merchandises in Penang but, the Chief Minister of Penang Lim Guan Eng has defended his suggestion to get down a tiger park in Relau, This is because he wanted that the province to hold a new ecotourism program. The intent of Penang Tiger Park is to go a new ecotourism merchandise in Penang that can utilize to pull more international and domestic tourers to see to Penang. ( Looi, 2009 ) 2.4 Tiger Park in other States Tiger Park was defined as a topographic point to protect the endangered tiger every bit good as engendering herds of Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelams. There are merely a few of finishs categorized as Tiger Park in the whole universe. Based on the research, there are merely a few states have Tiger Park bing as tourer finish which is Siberian Tiger Park, Harbin China, Tiger Kingdom Chiang Mai, Thailand and India which have the biggest sum of Tiger Park in the universe. 2.4.1 Siberian Tiger Park Siberian Tiger Park is the universe s largest Siberian tiger engendering base in Harbin, China. Once the human being spoiled the natural environment, many animate beings threatened with extinction, and a figure of species have become nonextant. The Siberian tiger is one of the endangered. It is the largest class of feline in the universe and besides known as the King of the Forest. Siberian Tiger was listed by the China Government as one of the excellent national protected animate beings of China other than coon bear in the twelvemonth of 1980s. Siberian Tiger Park is built in the twelvemonth of 1996 by the authorities to continue this cherished species. The Siberian Tiger Park is situated at Songhua River which is located at the northwest of Harbin, with the entire country of 1,440,000 square metres ( 355.8 estates ) . The Tiger Park has covered with 500 rare strain Siberian Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelams, with 100 of the tiger are seeable to visitants. Other than Siberian Tiger, lynx, black cougar, white Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelams, king of beastss, and leopards every bit good as Bengali Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelams besides can be seen inside the park. The park was divided into 10 different countries, which together with the immature tiger country, the mature tiger country, and the male monarch tiger country. There is besides a walk-to country and a platform for visitant for Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelams seeing. It is different compared to other common menagerie, because the Siberian Tiger Park exchanges the functions of human being and animate beings. Harmonizing to Foxnews.com ( 2007 ) , the figure of Siberian Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelams has kept on increasing at Siberian Tiger Park China. Which was good intelligence because of Siberian Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelams is one of the universe s rarest animate beings. In the other manus, there are besides some serious instances happened in the park. Based on My Daily News.com ( 2011 ) , a Siberian tiger killed a circuit coach driver in the park. The tiger attacked the coach driver when he got out of coach to look into on the coach that got stuck in the snow at Siberian Tiger Park which is a profaned park safety regulation. The tourers watched impotently in horror. The direction of the tiger park is anticipating most of the coach drivers to understand the danger of the animate beings. 2.4.2 Tiger Kingdom Chiang Mai, Thailand The Tiger Kingdom Chiang Mai ( The Tiger Temple ) or Wat Pha Luang Ta Bua is a Theravada Buddhist temple that located in Thailand. It has been a safety for legion of species of endangered animate beings particularly Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelams. The Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelams were ever walking around the temple one time a twenty-four hours and the visitants can acquire truly closer to see or maybe touch them. ( hypertext transfer protocol: //www.hemmy.net/ ) Harmonizing to Alexander ( 2009 ) , Abbot Pra Ajarn Phusit the monastic instructor of the temple has been taking good attention of the abandoned Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelams and besides the other animate beings in Kanchanaburi Temple which is the celebrated Tiger Temple since 1990s. Once he found the abandoned tiger greenhorn in the states nearby the wood, he will convey them back to the temple and supply a proper attention for them. Pra Ajarn is a really sort individual and besides an inspirational adult male who does nt mind been snapped images by the visitant s cameras. Once the visitants have been visit to the temple, most of the visitant can experience the lovely relationship among the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelams and Pra Ajam. They are ever remaining close with each other. Pra Ajam wo nt experience panic when confronting the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelams. After twelvemonth by twelvemonth, the sum of Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelams kept on increasing to 75 Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelams populating at the temple in the twelvemonth of 2008. However, there was some critics to the temple because of the population growing of the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelams is a chief job, by and large because the people commented the temple is using tactics which are illegal. In the twelvemonth of 2008, Jachinthe Bouchar, the universe renowned carnal trainer had stopover to the tiger temple for her 2nd clip. She was remaining at that place for two and a half hebdomads to develop the staffs and the monastics about the techniques of developing the Tigers. A planned new animate being enclosure will be used for developing nines to take attention themselves, and giving them the necessary accomplishments to go on to be in the natural state. 2.5 Penang Tiger Park Penang Tiger Park is a future program as an ecotourism merchandise in Penang which suggested by Lim Guan Eng, the Chief Minister of Penang.

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buy custom Obesity essay Obesity commonly reported lifestyle disorder that is said to have no cure. This is a chronic condition that is caused by excessive body fat. It is possible to acquire this disease when you gain a lot of unnecessary weight, and then you are unable to burn the same amount of calories earned. There are definitely very many causes of this particular disease that occur both in children, and in adults. Well, the body needs a particular amount of fat in the body in order to function normally, and this also varies with individuals. In women, the quantity of fat should be between 25% and 30%. In men, the quantity should be between 18% and 23% .With these average figures, then a man with over 25% and a woman with over 30% is considered to be obese (Heymsfield et al. 525). Again, from the current research, at least a third of the total American population is obese or overweight. There have been enormous conflicting views from popular scholarly journals on whether obesity should be considered to be a disease. There has not been any valid prove to support any of the arguments that have been proposed. Although obesity is not the only public health problem, it would be wrong to label it as a disease from the traditional point of view, because it does not meet the reasonable criteria for such diseases. This disorder is a serious health dilemma that is directly harmful to ones health. For instance, in America, 300,000 deaths occur per year with the major cause being obesity. When an individual is suffering from this disorder, they are exposed to greater chances of being infected by a number of chronic diseases. These include the Insulin resistance, Type 2 diabetes, hypertension, heart attack, cancer, among others (Manson et al. 885). The fat cells in the body are mainly responsible for the insulin resistance more than the muscle cells, and this is why this is a major cause of obesity. The insulin resistance state can always last for s many years, and when the pancrease is no longer able to produce the high levels of insulin, the blood glucose levels begin to rise, which finally results to type 2 diabetes. From the medical report, it is also evident that, during the period when there is insulin resistance, there will also be the hardening of the arteries, which is also a complication of this disease. Among the older obese individuals, the common complications that they suffer from are High blood pressure, heart attack, and cancer issues. As the body weight increases among the women, so does their risk of their blood pressure. The report also showed that the risk is greater in women than in men. The same case applies to women whose BMI is greater than 29. These individuals suffer a great risk of undergoing death from the coronary heart disease (Williamson et al. 178). With the first heart attack, there is increased risk of a preceding one to occur if obesity is the underlying disorder. Obesity is also associated with posing a great risk to cancer infection. It is linked to causing colon cancer in both men and women. Due to estrogen increase in the blood stream, the women are also at greater risk of being infected with breast cancer, especially in their postmenopausal stages. At present, it is clear than apart from overeating and physical inactivity, there are several other underlying factors that contribute to obesity. One of these factors is the genetic component. If one or more parents have the history of being obese, then an individual will stand the chance of having their hormones being infected, and tamper with the fat regulation. Foods that are high in fat and sugars have been known to have a high fat content, hence contribute to great weight gain (Droyvold et al. 340). A diet that has excessive carbohydrate levels will in turn lead to increased glucose levels that stimulate the insulin release by the pancreases. This process eventually leads to the growth of fat tissues, which causse weight gain. The reason why more women are at the risk of being obese is the fact that, they have fewer muscles than the men. For this particular reason, they have slower metabolic rates than men, and in the same manner, weight loss is more difficult. People lose their muscles as they progress in age, and their metabolic levels slow down. This happens more often if an individual does not reduce their caloric intake. In the hopes of reaching the average body weights, the individuals may be forced to adapt a strenuous diet. After some time, there might be some remarkable weight loss recognized, but it usually returns quickly (Yuker and Allison 250). This is why a more lasting solution to treat obesity should be not being administered in short-term basis, but it should be an ongoing life-long process. Individuals should not attach more meaning to gaining an ideal weight as a way of treating obesity, but the overall goal should be to reach and maintain a healthier weight, for a longer time. Scientists have made efforts of improving the medication and treatment of this disorder (Heymsfield et al. 557). Their main target is to have a better and safer way to deal with this problem. At the moment, there is no proven treatment for obesity that is considered to be instant, but it is rather a gradual process. This is achieved by a long-life of proper diet and regular exercise. Medication is given to those patients whose risk of having obesity is greater than the potential side of healing safely. In conclusion, it is important for every individual to try and maintain their ideal body weight by balancing their food consumption and calories needed by their body. The health of a person is determined by what they eat, hence, it is important to keep checking the amounts and quality of foods that one eats. This habit should be practiced in all age groups to prevent the occurrence of obesity and its complications among the citizens. Buy custom Obesity essay

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The Economy and the Impact on Students, Parents and Colleges - Coursework Example education and training of the country’s workers. The wage rate of a particular country is affected by the education as well as training of a particular worker. It is a well known fact that a well-trained as well as educated worker is found to be more prolific and tends to earn more money in comparison to illiterate workers. It is the difference in the level of the training that has a propensity to separate the rich as well as poor nations. Most of the employers prefer staffs who tend to be efficient and productive as well as necessitate minimal management. There are various factors that need to be considered by the employer when making plan whether to pay for the employees training or not such as the enhancement of the productivity of the employees, loyalty of the employees and employees commanding a higher wage among others (Sturm, 2012). Most of the workers are found to be enhancing their earning capacity by emphasizing upon their capabilities about a particular job. The emp loyees are found to be interested in learning to operate the new technologies in order to compete for high wages. The employees are supposed to consider numerous factors when taking training. They need to consider the extra productivity that they expect to attain, the cost of training program and the trends in labor market for trained professionals. Most of the countries focus upon the creation of the education system so that they can attain skilled workers. The economy of the country is found to be flourishing with the increment in the number of the educated personnel (Sturm, 2012). Education and Its Impact upon Economy of New Jersey The impact of the recent economic downturn has been hard-hitting in New Jersey. This downturn has compelled the... This essay approves that two factors tend to determine how well a country’s economy will do i.e. education and training of the country’s workers. The wage rate of a particular country is affected by the education as well as training of a particular worker. It is a well known fact that a well-trained as well as educated worker is found to be more prolific and tends to earn more money in comparison to illiterate workers. It is the difference in the level of the training that has a propensity to separate the rich as well as poor nations. Most of the employers prefer staffs who tend to be efficient and productive as well as necessitate minimal management. Most of the workers are found to be enhancing their earning capacity by emphasizing upon their capabilities about a particular job. This report makes a conclusion that there is a considerable impact of education on the economy. With the increase in the number of the educated personnel in a particular economy, there is rise in the economy as well. It is the knowledge as well as the dexterity of the workers accessible in the labor market that determine the growth of the businesses as well as the economy. The economies possessing supply of skilled personnel brought up by means of school and college education and training is capable of capitalizing on this through creation of value added industries. The workers with high college degrees earn relatively high wages in comparison to the ones without college degrees. Hence, it is significant for the economy to place greater emphasis upon the training and education of the citizens.

Implementation plan Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Implementation plan - Case Study Example In an effort to ensure efficiency, effective project planning is a critical step in the implementation of any project. This involves the definition of tasks for the market, planning, and development teams (Pfeiffer, 2008). Market research was the first main task, which sought to outline the opportunities and the potential challenges in the Qatar market. This is a critical step because businesses need to understand a foreign market well before venturing into its opportunities. After successful market research, the definition of the specifications, which involves the identification of target customers as well as the distribution channels followed. These two tasks are the responsibilities of the marketing team, and marked the first milestone after five weeks. The next steps involved the design of a website and extensive project planning. Project planning in this case involved budget and export planning. The completion of these tasks marked the achievement of the second milestone, which happened in four weeks. The development team was involved in the launching of the product. In the first two weeks, the initial launching was conducted, which was accompanied by rigorous promotional activities. After the in itial launch, the VOSS premium product was then fully launched into different distribution channels that targeted top hotels and restaurants. This marked the third and most important milestone in launching the VOSS brand in Qatar, and took about five weeks. After the full launch, the teams indulged in assessment of the product performance within different distribution channels. Moreover, the product was actively monitored and customer feedback sought by the marketing team (Lodato, 2008). The last three weeks of the project involved analysis of the customer feedback to gain information that would be used in improving the product distribution in Qatar. Pfeiffer, E. (2008). VOSS Water and Retail Expansion:Implications for a

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Research Methods - past exam paper - Assignment Example He explained that variance process explains the relationship between the dependant and independent variables leading to an outcome while the process theory explains the patterns of events that led to the outcome of an event. Selection bias is the process of selecting group of objects or individuals in a manner so that the selected sample does not represent a particular segment of population. In such a case, the estimated sample would be biased in nature due to random approach of selecting the sample size. Selection bias is likely to occur more commonly as a result of the random sampling method. The given summary statistics could be used to interpret and compare the average scores of the class in the two tests and also comment on the dispersion of the scores from their average scores, the comparison among the highest and lowest scores in those two tests. The mean values suggest that average score for Test2 is more than Test1. The standard deviation shows that more number of students has variation from average score in Test1 as compared to that in Test2. The median suggests that the mid-point score for all students arranged in ascending order for both the tests is same. The 1st quartile shows that the lowest score for the two tests are different while the 3rd quartile shows that highest score is same for both the tests. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) is a statistical method that could be used to test the relative dispersion among the variables captured by the researcher. As the measurement units are different, the data set may not follow normal distribution. For this reason, ANOVA method would be useful for testing the relative dispersion among variables. Sample distribution is the statistical distribution of a random variable selected from a sample size in a random manner out of the entire population. It is said to be normally distributed when the mean, median, mode are all equal and the

Report (an incident report covering a vehicle accident) Essay

Report (an incident report covering a vehicle accident) - Essay Example The roadway has no median or barrier between the eastbound and westbound lanes on the four lane street, deep ditches on both sides of the road, and the posted speed limit is 40 MPH. Weather conditions at the time of the incident were overcast, windy, and rainy; and the road was wet from the rain. Further, it also had a sheet of water draining across the road from the hill's runoff. Traffic was relatively heavy in both directions, as it was just after rush hour. A red mini-van (Vehicle 2) was driving westbound, and was thus coming downhill into a moderate left hand curve. At point where the curve was the sharpest, Vehicle 1 began a sideways slide that the driver was unable to prevent. The car, which was out of the driver's control at that point, went into the lanes occupied by the oncoming traffic. Vehicle 2 was unable to slow down in time to avoid hitting Vehicle 1, nor was there room for Vehicle 2 to maneuver out of its oncoming path. Accordingly, the front of Vehicle 2 struck the driver-side door of Vehicle 1, sending Vehicle 1 off of the roadway and down into the ditch on the left side of the roadway. Police and paramedic units were called, as was a rescue unit, and the driver of Vehicle 1 had to be cut out of the small car. The driver of Vehicle 1 sustained severe injuries, while the other driver suffered only minor ones. According to witnesses and a report on the accident, both drivers were wearing their seatbelts. Some witnesses said that Vehicle 1 was speeding, while others claimed that Vehicle 2 was coming down the hill too fast. The driver of Vehicle 1 was taken to the hospital via ambulance, and the other driver chose to decline medical attention. Causes of Incident The actual accident was caused by several different factors, with other roadway issues contributing to the severity of the injuries sustained by the driver of Vehicle 1. The most likely direct cause of the accident was that both drivers were operating at speeds too high for the road conditions at that time. During periods of rain and wet roadways, it is easy to lose control of the vehicle; especially on curves (Skidding and Hydroplaning in Rainy Conditions). The driver of Vehicle 1 was going too fast to prevent the car from skidding on the wet pavement, and the driver of the second vehicle was driving too fast to avoid the collision. Had both drivers been operating their vehicles at slower speeds, the accident could have been avoided. The second direct cause of the accident was the condition of the tires on Vehicle 1. Subsequent review of the vehicle showed that the tread depth on the tires was not within safe limits. This tread wear decreases a driver's ability to control the vehicle and increases the likelihood of hydroplaning. Hydroplaning occurs when a layer of water builds up between the tire and the road, causing the vehicle to no longer respond to the control inputs of the driver (Hydroplaning (road vehicle). The less tread a tire has on the road, the more likely this layer of water is to form. If Vehicle 1 had tires with proper tread, the likelihood of this accident occurring would have been much less. Other issues that were

Quality Management and Accountability Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Quality Management and Accountability - Essay Example Key to the success of the implementation of Total Quality Management (TQM) programs are seven characteristics namely, the amount of influence exerted by the change agents, their responsibility and autonomy in specific areas of assignments, space for innovative ideas, adaptability to change, satisfaction, teamwork and shared vision coupled with a benchmarking criterion towards the objectives (Weeks, Helms & Ettkin, 1995). These characteristics rest upon a common a propellant perception of agents concerning the needed change. The new millennium heralded a phase of new challenges in many sectors, and so healthcare organizations haven’t been spared either. With the expectation of taming escalating costs, pressures to modernize, harmonize and reconcile quality with the former have force their way to accreditation boards, the media and concerned agencies. Embracing partnerships becomes unavoidable under these circumstances. Quality improvement, therefore, becomes more of a â€Å"te am sport† that engages individual centered processes into a comprised common vision. Precisely, teams are collaborative integral components of quality improvement efforts involving persons operating either from the same or different disciplines but with a shared vision of optimizing patient-service outcomes (Ovretveit, 1999). Notably, success within healthcare organizations operates more or less like powerful sport cars whose quick movements depends on the engine inexistence and the control mechanics applied. Employee engagement is the hallmark of connectivity within any organization. An engaged personnel gives an organization the power it so requires to make tangible moves towards its mission with an accelerated propensity in compared to those of the competitors. From the top management down the apex of leadership role, a synergetic approach with results concerning the work load only comes with prior and proper understanding and agreement on the course taken (Weeks, Helms & E ttkin, 1995). Accordingly, success comes with assured, climatic readiness for change. The relationship between physicians directly responsible for matters of healthcare and hospital executives charged with administrative responsibilities spanning from regulatory obligations to resource control is critical to any aspect of quality improvement process. The real enemy to the process of change lies in a dysfunctional healthcare system (Fawcett, et al., 1995). As mentioned above, there needs to be commonality in values and concerns share by both physicians and healthcare executives as the basic framework for successful communication bridging the hierarchical gap towards a collaborative, as opposed to confrontational/competitive relationship (Bero, et al., 1998). A functional workforce-engagement criterion holds the key to clinical priorities with regards to useful new technologies required as well as essentiality of scientific methodologies in tandem with evidence-based decision making. Further, understanding and agreement are important planning, implementation, and assessment tools. According to the case study done by Weeks, Helms, and Ettkin (1995), the degree of understanding and agreement of the course taken by healthcare entities lacks uniformity with wide discrepancies over perceptive responses touching on matters of change. Whereas the need for change is plausible in the responses from the executive wing

Report (an incident report covering a vehicle accident) Essay

Report (an incident report covering a vehicle accident) - Essay Example The roadway has no median or barrier between the eastbound and westbound lanes on the four lane street, deep ditches on both sides of the road, and the posted speed limit is 40 MPH. Weather conditions at the time of the incident were overcast, windy, and rainy; and the road was wet from the rain. Further, it also had a sheet of water draining across the road from the hill's runoff. Traffic was relatively heavy in both directions, as it was just after rush hour. A red mini-van (Vehicle 2) was driving westbound, and was thus coming downhill into a moderate left hand curve. At point where the curve was the sharpest, Vehicle 1 began a sideways slide that the driver was unable to prevent. The car, which was out of the driver's control at that point, went into the lanes occupied by the oncoming traffic. Vehicle 2 was unable to slow down in time to avoid hitting Vehicle 1, nor was there room for Vehicle 2 to maneuver out of its oncoming path. Accordingly, the front of Vehicle 2 struck the driver-side door of Vehicle 1, sending Vehicle 1 off of the roadway and down into the ditch on the left side of the roadway. Police and paramedic units were called, as was a rescue unit, and the driver of Vehicle 1 had to be cut out of the small car. The driver of Vehicle 1 sustained severe injuries, while the other driver suffered only minor ones. According to witnesses and a report on the accident, both drivers were wearing their seatbelts. Some witnesses said that Vehicle 1 was speeding, while others claimed that Vehicle 2 was coming down the hill too fast. The driver of Vehicle 1 was taken to the hospital via ambulance, and the other driver chose to decline medical attention. Causes of Incident The actual accident was caused by several different factors, with other roadway issues contributing to the severity of the injuries sustained by the driver of Vehicle 1. The most likely direct cause of the accident was that both drivers were operating at speeds too high for the road conditions at that time. During periods of rain and wet roadways, it is easy to lose control of the vehicle; especially on curves (Skidding and Hydroplaning in Rainy Conditions). The driver of Vehicle 1 was going too fast to prevent the car from skidding on the wet pavement, and the driver of the second vehicle was driving too fast to avoid the collision. Had both drivers been operating their vehicles at slower speeds, the accident could have been avoided. The second direct cause of the accident was the condition of the tires on Vehicle 1. Subsequent review of the vehicle showed that the tread depth on the tires was not within safe limits. This tread wear decreases a driver's ability to control the vehicle and increases the likelihood of hydroplaning. Hydroplaning occurs when a layer of water builds up between the tire and the road, causing the vehicle to no longer respond to the control inputs of the driver (Hydroplaning (road vehicle). The less tread a tire has on the road, the more likely this layer of water is to form. If Vehicle 1 had tires with proper tread, the likelihood of this accident occurring would have been much less. Other issues that were

Hochschild viewpoint Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Hochschild viewpoint - Essay Example Every time an employee was lost, much money was lost in the training and recruitment of new ones. The company tried to deal with this issue by offering a variety of remedial that included the solution to balance in work and family for instance, part time and sharing of jobs. To her surprise many families preferred to work more than to be with their children and family members. Hochschild interviews like six families watching on how they operate during the day and night. She also interviews various levels of professional and is surprised by what she hears. The employees at Amerco concentrate so much at work that they forget the essentials. Hochschild as a female analyzed the enormous entry of women into the labor force. It looked fair and obvious that as women left their various homes every morning along men to their various jobs to build the economy and maintain their families as they returned from work should share the house chores which never happened. Instead, as they came from work women took to all home responsibilities. Hochschild referred to it as a double shift as women worked both at work and at home (Hochschild, Pp 15) Nevertheless, there is a superwoman who can multitask and perfect both at work and home. In the present most women are faced with the challenge of what was considered a full time works in the past generation. To make it worse, as cutting workers size has occurred, the hours of work have been added for everybody. Hochschild in her book tried to show the extent to which time is ever limited that they cannot fulfill their obligations both at home and work. Statistics show that women who have small children spend more time at work than the ones with no children. â€Å"Family values and reversed worlds† according to Hochschild tries to show how various family values have been invaded by work efficiencies and time pressures while places have turned out to be temporary homes for these

The Effects of Alcohol on the Human Body Essay Example for Free

The Effects of Alcohol on the Human Body Essay Introduction Today, alcohol is one of the most common substances that people abuse. It is an addictive drink that has become a popular way of having a good time or relaxing in social gatherings. It is among the most commonly used psychoactive drugs. Alcohol is a popular social phenomenon, yet most societies forget its effects on their bodies. Research has carried out in the recent years on the effects that alcohol consumption is having on people. The resulting data has been extremely negative. The introduction of Alco pops, led to a substantial increase in the youth population drinking alcoholic beverages. On average, young people start drinking at approximately age thirteen. Parental and peer influences are a major factor in these early habits. Before the legal age of 21; almost seventy percent of people manage to get away with at least one alcoholic drink. This increases the probability of adolescent consumption in the future. Alcohol, specifically ethanol, depresses the central nervous system and it has many side-effects. Cell membranes in the human body have high permeability to alcohol, so alcohol diffuses into nearly every biological tissue of the body once it gets into the blood stream (Dasgupta 2011, pg.88). It starts affecting the body and mind from the second one sips it. After taking it for a while, one starts feeling more sociable, but drinking too much makes basic human functions like walking or talking harder. One might start saying things they don’t mean and behave out of character. Some of the effects of alcohol disappear overnight, while others stay longer or become permanent. Other effects are impaired judgment, addiction, poor mental health, hormonal change and withdraw as a result of deciding to quit. Alcohol affects most important organs within the human body. Alcohol interacts with the gamma amino butyric acid receptors located in the brain. These receptors are the center of inhibitory neurotransmission in the human body and is synthesized from glutamic acid (Miller 2006, pg. 23). First and foremost, it depresses the brain tissue, the nervous system and destroys brain cells. The problem with destroying brain cells is that, once lost they cannot be regenerated. Excessive drinking over a long period of time may cause severe problems to one’s memory and cognition. Alcohol affects parts of the brain like the cerebral cortex; limbic system; cerebellum and the hypothalamus. The cerebral cortex is the center of voluntary muscle movement and it processes one’s thoughts and senses. Once inhabited by alcohol, it slows down our bodies on reaction time and impairs judgment. This makes an intoxicated person more talkative and confident. Also in the cerebral cortex, alcohol increases the pain threshold. It affects the hippocampus as it impairs memory and causes inflated feelings (Miller 2006, pg. 48). The limbic system controls emotions and memory. Alcoholic effects on the limbic system occur when the intoxicated person endures memory loss and uncontrolled emotional outbursts. The cerebellum controls the body’s muscular movements. When it is affected by alcohol there is involuntary muscle movement and incoordination. The hypothalamus controls the body’s automatic functions and release of hormones. Alcohol affects the hypothalamus through sexual performance and arousal (Brigg 2010, pg. 71). An intoxicated person is more sexually aroused, though the performance is not as normal. The liver can fairly process alcohol safely when the drinking is moderate. Heavy drinking however, overtaxes the liver causing serious damage. A fatty liver is one of the first stages of liver destruction among heavy drinkers. It interferes with oxygen distribution and nutrition of the liver’s cells (Horsley 2008, pg. 94). Persistence of this condition causes the liver cells to die and form fibrous scar tissues. This is the second stage of the deterioration of the liver. Part of the liver cells may regenerate with proper nutrition and abstinence. However during the last stages of deterioration the damage to the liver cells is irreversible. Alcohol abuse is a major contributing factor in cancers, including mouth cancer and liver cancer, which are both on the increase. Alcohol comes second to smoking as risk factors for digestive tract and oral cancers. Research suggests that this happens since alcohol breaks down into a substance called acetaldehyde. This substance then binds to proteins in the mouth triggering an inflammatory response from the body. In severe cases, cancerous cells eventually develop. Alcohol alters the chemistry within the brain and increases depression risk. It is associated with various mental health problems. People suffering from either anxiety or depression are twice likely to be heavy or addicted drinkers. Extreme drinking levels may often cause psychosis. This is a severe mental illness that causes development of hallucinations and delusions of persecution. Psychotic symptoms may also occur when heavy drinkers suddenly decide to stop drinking and as a result develop a condition referred to as ‘delirium tremens’. Moderate drinking does not suppress food intake. It may actually increase appetite. Heavy alcohol consumption has an opposite effect. It causes euphoria, which leads to lack of appetite. As a result, heavy drinkers often eat poorly and get malnourished. Alcohol contains seven calories per gram thus is rich in energy. However, just like fat or pure sugar, these calories lack nutrients. The more calories consumed in alcohol make it hard for the drinker to eat enough food to get enough nutrients. Worse still, alcohol abuse displaces calories from required nutrients and interferes with metabolism of nutrients in the body. This damages the liver, the digestive system and most every bodily organ. Alcohol irritates and disturbs the stomach. Therefore, heavy drinking may easily cause nausea, diarrhea and also sickness. Alcohol also has a dehydrating effect (Newell 2004, pg. 39). This is one reason why heavy drinking may lead to a severe pounding headache the next morning. Hydration also determines the extent of a hangover. After drinking heavily, unconsciousness may occur and extreme consumption levels often lead to alcohol poisoning. Death can also occur in a situation where alcohol concentration within the blood stream is more than the blood. Alcohol may also cause death when there is asphyxiation from vomit (Haven 2001, pg.43). Drinking too much alcohol is not good for your skin either. It causes dark circles under a person’s eyes and bloating. It also dries out the human skin and may lead to premature aging and wrinkling. Drinking heavily may cause acne rosacea (Taylor 2000, pg. 70). This is a skin disorder which starts with likelihood to blush and flush and eventually progresses to facial disfiguration known as rhinophyma. Conclusion Use of alcohol is a great, enjoyable and safe experience if used moderately and with caution. If one does decide to drink they should drink slowly and responsibly. A drinking person should always consume alcohol with food. A person should drink no more than one drink in an hour. Consuming plenty of water in between drinks is also very important and helpful. Pregnant women should not drink and also one should not drive under any alcoholic influence whatsoever. Mild and moderate alcohol use benefits the coronary system (Newell 2004, pg. 98). Generally, for healthy people, moderate alcohol is considered as one drink a day for women and around less than three drinks a day for men. This is considered the maximum advised amount of alcohol consumption. Healthy people refer to those women who are not pregnant, people who are not addicted to alcohol and without any pre-existing medical conditions. However, the quantity of alcohol safely consumed by an individual is highly personal and dependent on genetics, family history, sex, weight and age (Taylor 2000, pg. 79). References Brigg, J. 2010. The Practitioner, Volume 5. California: University of California. Dasgupta, A. 2011. The Science of Drinking: How Alcohol Affects Your Body and Mind. Boston: Rowman Littlefield. Haven Emerson, G. N. 2001. Alcohol and Man. New York: Ayer Publishing. Henry Newell Martin, H. C. 2004. The human body: a beginners text-book of anatomy, physiology and hygiene : with directions for illustrating important facts of mans anatomy from that of the lower animals, and with special references to the effects of alcoholic and other stimulants, and. New York: Henry Holt and Company. Horsley, S. V. 2008. Alcohol and the human body . London: Macmillan. Miller, M. W. 2006. Brain Development: Normal Processes And the Effects of Alcohol And Nicotine. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Taylor, B. 2000. Everything You Need to Know About Alcohol. New York: The Rosen Publishing Group.

Concepts of Database Systems

Concepts of Database Systems Database system Concepts of database management-3rd edition Philip j.pratt .2000 A database is a structure that contains information about many different categories of information and about the relationships between the categories. Premiere products are a distributer of appliances, housewares. The company has used spread sheet software to maintain customer, order, inventory and sales. The premiere products database, for example, will contain information about sales, reps, customers, orders and parts. It will also provide facts that relate sales reps to the customers they represent and customers to the orders they currently have placed. With the use of database, employees can enter the number of a particular order and find out which customer placed the orders, as well as which parts were ordered. An entity is a person place object event of idea for which you want to store and process data. An attribute is a characteristic or property of an entity. For the entity for example the list of attributes might include such things as car colour and size. Rep. Rep. no. Last name First name Street City State Zip Commission Rate model Attributes An attribute is also called a field or column in many database systems. A relationship is an association between entities. There is an association between reps and customers, for example at premiere products. A rep is associated with all of his or her customers and a customer is associated with its rep. One-to-many relationship Each rep is associated with many customers, but each customer is associated with only one rep.ÂÂ   in this type of relationship, the word many is used differently than in everyday English; it might not always indicate a large a large number. In this context, for example, the many means that a rep can be associated with any number of customers. This is, a given rep can be associated with zero, one, Or more customers. A database is a structure that can store information about multiple types of entities, the attributes of those entities, and the relationship among the entities. A database, however, is much more than a file. Unlike a typical data file, a database can store information about multiple entities. There is also another difference. A database holds information about the relationship among the various entities. Not only will premiere products database have information about reps and customers, it also will hold information relating reps to the customers they service, customers to orders, parts to orders and so on. REDUNDANCY It is the duplication of data or the storing of the same data in more than one place. In the orders spreadsheet, redundancy occurs in the customer name column because the name of a customer is stored in more than one place. What problems does redundancy cause? It wastes space because you are storing the same data in multiple places. The extra space results in larger spreadsheet that require more space in memory and on disk and that take longer to save and open. When you need to change data, redundancy also makes your changes more difficult and time consuming. Finally redundancy can lead to conflicts. For eg. If you enter someones name and address in different columns than it will take time to enter and there is chance of making mistakes.

The Story Behind the Nazi Gold :: World War II History

The Story Behind the Nazi Gold Nazi Gold: Hard currency looted from treasuries of countries occupied by the Axis powers during World War II. Ingots consisting of gold melted down from the teeth of murder victims and weddings bands and jewelry. About two thirds of an estimated $660 million ($7.8 billion in today's dollars) in stolen Nazi gold passed through Switzerland during the war. And like any sharp businessmen with hot goods, the Swiss disposed of much of their gold quickly - through Portugal mainly, but also to Sweden, Spain, and other central banks (Hirsh 48). Probably no more that $140 million remains unaccounted for, and a good portion of that was probably sold onward as well. But what remains of the known Nazi hoard (none of which has been returned to the Jewish community) is worth no more than about $65 million according to the Brussels-based Tripartite Gold Commission, set up after World War II to return stolen gold to national treasuries. Recently the Clinton administration created a commission to sear ch for any Nazi funds that might have ended up in U.S. Federal Reserve vaults. "We have to be willing not only to focus the spotlight on Switzerland," says Under Secretary of Commerce Stuart Eizenstat. "We have to be willing to follow the trail of assets into our own treasury" (qtd. in Hirsh 47). This trail though, suggests that there is no huge stash of Nazi gold in Switzerland. The loot has scattered worldwide through numerous transactions and is probably irretrievable. Also, because so many banks were involved, the amount of gold left in Switzerland is probably negligible, contrary to what investigators have until now presumed. At this point the cost or returning the Nazi Gold to its rightful owners is not worth the trouble and inconvenience it would create. Documents released in recent months have made it clear that Swiss banks traded in looted Nazi-gold, and that Swiss businesses made a fortune selling arms to the Nazis. In a historical report published around May 9,1997, it was said that there was no evidence that the Swiss or other neutral countries knew that gold from the central banks had been smelted together with gold fillings, wedding bands, and other jewelry stolen from Holocaust victims (Sanger). But, Eizenstat found "incontrovertible evidence" that Swiss bankers knew they were trading in gold that Germany had looted from the treasuries of states it occupied, and also a handwritten ledger sheet from the Reichsbank showed a deposit of 29,996 grams of "dental gold" into a Swiss account (A harsh.

A Teacher Affects Eternity :: Teaching, Education, Admissions

A Teacher Affects Eternity As graduation was approaching, the question running through my mind was, "What am I going to do with my life?" I knew this was an important decision, and I wanted to make sure I made the right one. I knew that I wanted to attend college, but I was debating between Physical Therapy, and Education. In making this decision, I reflected back to my Junior year in high school, when I tutored a Kindergarten class. I hadn't realized the impact that these ten kindergartners had made upon my life. With their cute sayings, their many hugs, and the excitement on their faces when learning something new; helped me to decide that Education is what I wanted to do. When I enrolled into college, I realized that becoming a teacher is a very important task. Teachers are forming the mold of future doctors, lawyers, teachers, and much more. When I become a teacher I want to portray positive characteristics that will be beneficial to my students. I want to be the type of teacher that shows compassion toward my students. I feel to portray this characteristic I must know each of my students learning capabilities, and what kind of learning strategy works for each child. I feel it's my job to make sure that my classroom is a safe haven for each child. I never want one student to be excluded. I feel being excluded would make coming to school a very terrifying experience for the child, and I want to make my classroom comfortable for everyone. I want to always go the extra-mile to help my students, and I want them to feel that if they have a problem they can always come to me for help. I want to be the teacher who offers daily encouragement. I feel encouragement is imperative when dealing with children. I feel they need encouragement so that they know they can accomplish anything they set their mind to. I want to be the teacher who makes phone calls home to parents to tell of the accomplishments that their sons/daughters are achieving. I feel that giving encouragement will make my students work harder, and they will be more successful.

School administrators Essay

Education plays an important role in the life of almost all individual because this is the means by which they can gain knowledge and reach their full potential. In line with this, educational institutions give due importance to their curriculum in order to make sure that they are covering all the subjects and lessons that will help their students to develop their skills and talents. In line with this, almost all educational institutions include the arts as an important part of their curriculum because of the essential skills, talents, and values that students can develop from this area of education. Dance class is one of the major parts of the arts area of education that allow students to learn body coordination, music appreciation, and also a better understanding of various cultures through the different dance genres that are being taught. However, there are problems within educational institutions that resulted for most school administrators to cut-back or even completely eliminate dance classes and other art programs. Public schools usually have the most problems when it comes to maintaining dance classes because of the lack of school budget, facilities, and other needed materials to maintain dance classes. In relation to this, public school administrators also have to deal with the limited number of educators or teachers that will instruct students about the different genres of dance. Due to the challenges that public schools have to deal with, there is a continuous debate on whether dance classes should still be included in the educational curriculum. The on-going debate about the importance and need of dance classes in education is an important topic of study because it deals with the holistic learning and development of students. A comprehensive study should be made in order to identify whether there is really a need for dance classes to be included in the curriculum of most schools or having dance classes only give unnecessary cost and further contribute to the problems of public schools. In line with this, the research study that will be conducted gives primary focus on identifying whether there is really a need for dance class in education or not. In doing so, the corresponding pros and cons about dance class in education will be given due attention and importance. Identifying the positive and negative implications about dance class in education will substantially help the stakeholders in the issue. Stakeholders will be able to properly assess whether there is really a need for dance classes to be included in the educational curriculum or not. Studying the need for dance class in education is essential because the holistic development and well-being of students are at stake in this issue. Statement of the Problem The study aims to assess on whether there is a need for dance class in education, particularly in the secondary level of education. Specifically the study intends to: †¢ Describe the commonly used educational curriculum in the secondary academic level with emphasis on arts programs, specifically dance classes. †¢ Identify the positive effects of dance classes in education, especially when it comes to the development of students and their performance at school. †¢ Identify the negative effects of dance classes in education, especially when it comes to the development of students and their performance at school. †¢ Assess the effects of dance class to students and the need on whether to include it in the educational curriculum. Justifications for the Chosen References The articles that are included in the literature review section of this paper are chosen by the researcher because these articles exemplify the corresponding implications of having dance classes in educational institutions. Most the articles that were discussed in the literature review of the paper are studies that are previously made by different researchers about dance classes in education. In line with this, there are also case studies that are part of the literature review of the study that talks about the actual situation and experiences of students in specific schools about dance classes as part of their educational curriculum. Moreover, the researchers and writers that are responsible in creating the articles that are part of the literature review of the study are respectable individuals that actually have the necessary knowledge and expertise about dance and education. Relevance of the Articles to the Research Topic The article which had been chosen for this research are all important aspects pointed out towards the connection of dance with academic and personal life of each student. The chosen articles are a representation of different sides of research which discusses the importance of dance in the life of the youth. The articles contain the positive perspectives with dance and the values which are gained throughout such activity. The values that are highlighted are not only applicable for academics but also within the personal life of each student. More so, the articles will largely support the positive effects of dancing towards the youth. On the other hand, the articles utilized were providing various kinds of perspectives from different authors which are already experienced regarding such matters. Furthermore, the discussions of the authors are true to what is seen within schools. Most of the articles present are explaining the importance of dance in the lives of each student that will lead to their growth. More so, the articles are significant to the development of the literature review as well as the other parts of the paper such that of the analysis and findings and conclusion. The articles have specific concepts and theoretical perspectives that are very efficient in attaining the proper analysis. Also, the authors that are chosen for the whole paper are well versed in the topic they have written. In the light of this, the articles shall create a path towards a clear understanding regarding the concept of dance in relation to academic perspective. Therefore, there is a need to utilize different types of materials which had created earlier studies regarding dance schools in the secondary level. Through the use of different articles, this would shed light to the aim of proving that dance lessons are needed by students in the secondary level. Literature Review Article Title: Dance Education Research: What Train Are We On? Karen Kohn Bradley, a dance educator, conducted a study regarding the role of dance classes in the educational reforms of public schools in the United States. Bradley admitted that as a dance instructor she is aware that learning through movement like dance is a powerful agent that substantially helps in the enhancement of the cognitive skills of students. In the same manner, she also pointed out that dance classes teach students the valuable lessons, especially in terms of discipline. The two aforementioned approaches of dance education often create tension, which is not realized by educators in public schools that teaches dance classes. However, the present condition of public schools requires accountability and educational reform in order to properly address the root causes of current problems. In line with this, the relevance of dance in American public schools during the time of educational reform is given more emphasis (Bradley, 2001). Bradley pointed out in her study that dance programs and classes are among the most under-represented and marginalized, and misunderstood field of education. The important role of dance classes in public schools are often taken for granted, which is why there is a big possibility that it would not achieve due recognition in the reforms that are happening in American public schools. Bradley proposed that dance educators and other stakeholders in the field of dance education should start giving more value to themselves but further mastering in their craft. Furthermore she also pointed out that dance educators and stakeholders should not give up their fight in the inclusion of dance classes in public schools, especially since they are very much aware of the benefits that it can provide to their students (Bradley, 2001). Article Title: Nurturing Excellence through the Arts In the written work of Vanessa Camilleri and Anthony D. Jackson with the title â€Å"Nurturing Excellence through the Arts† stated that it is important that art classes must be taken by different students for it is will provide a very positive effect for the students. In ATA or the Arts and Technology Academy, the students are required to have extracurricular activities in three times a week in the whole school year. Moreover, there is direct participation of various professors and parents in developing a certain program that would enhance the ability of the students in the arts. The authors were able to mention that the arts program is not only limited to dancing but to the wider variety of performing arts. The school was able to create a program where in art shall be a source of education for the students. In the light of this, it is presented that the school wanted to integrate learning from a philosophical perspective of arts. More so, it is dancing which will bring a higher development for students not only in terms of academic level but also for their personal development. In the philosophy of the school, the lessons bring the students bring artistic content and develop the emotional and social skills of children. It is mentioned that in reality, it is the computing and interpersonal skills that must be developed in order to adapt in the modern world. Therefore through the activities in the performing arts, students shall be much more able to comply to the fast paced world with fewer complications. Definitely, the techniques of teaching the children utilized in ATA is highly focused on the arts as its association the development and nourishment of students in their future lives (Camelleri & Jackson, 2005). Article Title: Performance and Motivation in Dance Education In the written work of Elizabeth Lazaraoff, it is evident that there is the need to incorporate dancing as one of the main subjects in public schools for it is one of the most effective motivational practices available in teaching. For most students get bored in schools due to their uninterested attitudes, it is dancing or the whole perspective of performing arts must be associated with the development of students and the curriculum in public schools. For most schools are focused in science and math, a new concept that is much relatable for children in the elementary level shall help motivate students in being active in school. Furthermore, the author suggests that the performing arts must be associated not only in the curriculum but also in the teaching techniques of teachers. Article Title: Gliding Glissade Not Grand Jete Elementary Classroom Teachers Teaching Dance This article presents that there is a need to create a program of dancing in the elementary level. Such levels are very fun loving and playful hence, they are needed to be stimulated through performing arts in order for them to be much motivated. However, the article created by Anne Dunkin states that the elementary level is very good in absorbing and appreciating such type of concepts. On the other hand, other levels such as the secondary and university level are less appreciative in such kind of teaching. More so, the US Department of Education pointed in their 2002 report that most secondary and elementary schools are not practicing art education. There are only one fifth of schools in the United States offer the instructions in dancing. Hence, not all students have the opportunity dancing and performing arts as a whole. Therefore, Dunkin wanted to attain a level of awareness that there is a need to incorporate dancing in the curriculum of each school in the United States. Although the goals might not be possible in the next five years of the thought of such association of dance to schools are also not impossible. The author suggests that there must be a full regarding with such type of issue. There must be a high association that would pursue the interests of students in their artistic side. With such type of organization, the possibility of attaining an artistic curriculum shall be created (Dunkin, 2004). Article Title: Dance Education in Elementary Schools Based on the research study regarding the status of K-12 dance education, two levels of implications have been observable about dance education: the first one of the practical effect while the other one involves the clarification of visions. The practical implication emphasized the need to include new requirements about dance classes with corresponding guidance and resources in order for students to effectively learn in their dance lessons. However, there is a huge gap between the requirements and the reality because extensive teacher training and the need for provision materials should be given attention, since these are the main problems that affect dance classes and programs. Moreover, teachers should not be merely regarded as technical support because it is pivotal that they are included in the decision-making process when it comes to educating students (Bresler, 1992). Article Title: K-12 Dance Education: Four Model Programs The article written by Bresler discussed dance education in elementary schools by means of narrating and assessing a particular research study about the status of dance education in elementary schools. The status of dance education was studied by means using four perspectives, namely: â€Å"musician Liora Bresler, an outsider, looks at dance programs in Illinois elementary schools† (Knowles et al. , 1992, n. p. ). In line with this, other reputable personalities also participated in the study of Bresler, such as: Susan Stinson, who represented the perspective of high school students about the value of dance; Patricia Knowles and Rona Sande presented a model dance programs in four different parts of the United States; and Peggy Schwartz is the one responsible in the creation, development and even demise of the dance certification for educators in the state of Massachusetts. The efforts made by the different important people in the study contributed in gathering the necessary data about the national trends in teacher education, requirements for certification, and the application of programs (Knowles et al. , 1992). Article Title: Dance Education in American Public Schools: Case Studies The report of Knowles and Sande are consists of four case studies that represent the results of a national survey that was conducted by the National Arts Education Research Center. The main purpose of the research is to identify and choose model schools that already have curriculum-based K-12 dance education programs. The schools that were part of the research study were: â€Å"Fillmore Arts Center (Washington, D. C. ). Buffalo Academy for the Visual and Performing Arts (Buffalo, New York, Duxberry Park Arts IMPACT School (Columbus, Ohio), and Jefferson High School for the Performing Arts (Portland, Oregon). The important areas of discussion that were included in each case study are: the educators/faculty, curriculum, program objectives, facilities, and equipment. The results of the study showed that the school that were observed have several similar characteristics, namely: â€Å"strong parental and community support; mutual respect among dance faculty and a unified program philosophy; frequent communication and a positive working atmosphere; a belief in integration within content areas and in interdisciplinary work; a curriculum that excites students; and administrative confidence and support† (Knowles and Sande, 1991, n. p. ). Article Title: Revitalizing Pennsylvania through Creativity: Dance Education Giguere, a Pennsylvanian herself, wrote an article that talks about the way by which their place was able to address difficulties through the help of dance education. The author pointed out the bleak future of Pennsylvania due to the economic hardships that it is experiencing. In addition, Pennsylvania also has to deal with other problems such as: slow population growth, aging work force, and the increasing presence of suburban slumps. The aforementioned untoward situation of Pennsylvania is greatly contributing to the â€Å"brain drain† of its highly-educated and competent workers. Giguere was able to found out in her research that the reasons for the flight of most young professionals are due to the lack of arts and culture in local Pennsylvania communities. In line with this, Giguere emphasized that Pennsylvania can actually make its situation better by means of improving its arts and culture by establishing and improving dance classes. The author strongly believes that the strength of Pennsylvania is not found in technology but rather in enriching its arts and culture. (Giguere, 2005). Analysis All the articles have each own relevance in terms of providing information that would help people in attaining the importance of education and dance. Some articles provide different kinds of perspectives in the current development of the association of dance and education. There are articles where in the authors provide the significance and reasons for the need of dance and performing arts in education. Most of the authors mention that dance in the academic setting motivates the students in going to school and it further helps students in attaining a much balanced lifestyle. In addition to this, the authors chosen for this study strongly believes in the concept of dance as the major influence for students in building their social, emotional and personal progress as a individual in the society. The performing arts is not simply a hobby for students but a much enjoyable training ground for students as a preparation for their future in the modern world. Due to the points mentioned by the authors utilized in this study, the researcher chose to view the question of: â€Å"Is there a need for dance education in the secondary level of education. † This research question shall be the main query that will be utilized in the different sections of the study. Therefore, this question shall be provided with accurate data in order to attain the proper response. Conclusion In conclusion, education is the most important aspect in the lives of different individuals for it provides development. More so, education must also develop in association to the development of the modern life. In the current era, people are highly associating themselves with culture and the arts. Therefore, there is a new perspective which is evidently seen in the boom of artistic interests of the current age. Hence, in order to nurture such type of the perspective, there are authors to which believe in the concept of associating education and dancing to comply with the current era. In the section of the literature review, it is clear that most authors see that the association of dance and education is a positive and possible development in the United States. Furthermore, the authors see that such belief is effective for the students due to the variety of values and skills they are able to attain. Moreover, students have a much developed interpersonal skills that are highly important in the work place. In addition to this, the students become confident of what they have for they have developed a unique skill. Therefore, the authors encourage that dancing and the whole selection of performing arts should be associated in the curriculum and also within the teaching technique of teachers. In relation to this, students become more appreciative of the arts most especially with their social and emotional feelings. Due to the fast life and societal norms present in the society. Most students only become nurtured through their science and math skills but in reality, students must be able to link their emotional and social skills to attain their best abilities. The expansive abilities developed in students could not be denied for the results are very evident in the studies created by the authors. More so, this research aims to provide information that through dancing and education, students shall be able to contribute more to the future society not only in the economic view but also in the societal view. References Bradley, K. K. (2001). Dance education Research: What Train Are We On? National Dance Education Organization, 103, 31-35. Bresler, L. (1992). Dance Education in Elementary Schools. Design for Arts in Education, 93, 5. Camilleri, V. & Jackson, A. (2005). Nurturing Excellence through the Arts. Educational Leadership, 60-64. Dunkin, A. (2004). Gliding Glissade Not Grand Jete Elementary Classroom Teachers Teaching Dance. Arts Education Policy Review, 105, 23-29. Giguere, M. (2005). Revitalizing Pennsylvania through Creativity: Dance in Education. Arts Education Policy Review, 106, 34-39. Knowles, P. , and Sande, R. (1991). Dance Education in American Public Schools: Case Studies. Illinois: Council for Research in Music Education, School of Music, University of Illinois. Knowles, P. , & Sanders, R. (1992). K-12 Dance Education: Four Model Programs. Design for Arts in Education, 93, 5. Lazaroff, E. (2001). Performance and Motivation in Dance Education. Arts Education and Policy Review, 103, 23-29.